| This
talk outlines astrophysical issues related to the long term fate of the
cosmos. We consider the evolution of planets, stars, stellar populations,
galaxies, and the universe itself over time scales which greatly exceed
the current age of the universe.
This discussion
starts with new stellar evolution calculations that follow the development
of the low mass (M type) stars that dominate the stellar IMF. We
then determine the final mass distribution of stellar remnants – the neutron
stars, white dwarfs, and brown dwarfs remaining at the end of stellar evolution.
After several trillion years, the supply of interstellar gas grows depleted,
yet star formation continues at a highly attenuated rate through brown
dwarf collisions. This process tails off as the galaxy gradually
loses its stars by ejecting the majority, and driving a minority toward
accretion onto massive black holes. As the galaxy disperses, weakly interacting
dark matter particles are accreted by white dwarfs, where they subsequently
annihilate and keep the old stellar remnants relatively ``warm''.
After accounting for the destruction of the galaxy, we consider the fate
of expelled degenerate objects (planets, white dwarfs, and neutron stars)
within the assumption that proton decay is a viable process. The
evolution and eventual sublimation of these objects is dictated by the
decay of their constituent nucleons; this scenario is developed in some
detail. After white dwarfs and neutron stars have disappeared, the black
holes slowly lose their mass as they emit Hawking radiation. After
the largest black holes have evaporated, the universe slowly slides into
darkness.
Location and Time: 339 Strong
Hall, at noon. |